Gerund, Participle and Infinitive

                      Gerund, Participle and Infinitive

A gerund is a verb that acts like a noun. For example: Hiking is a verb, but when used as the subject of a sentence, it acts like a noun, e.g. "Hiking is something I do in the summer." A participle is an adjective made from a verb.

Participles (Adjective)

1.      The falling monkey tried to grasp for the tree.

2.      Confused, the student raised his hand in the class.

3.      After the concert was over, the singing prodigy signed autographs.

4.      The drinking water is very cool because it has been in the fridge.

5.      When she hit a dear, her crushed car needed to be repaired.

Gerunds (Noun)

Functions of Nouns: [Subjects, Objects, Object of a preposition]

1.      Falling monkeys are a real danger in the rainforest.

2.      The teacher’s problem was confusing students with too much information.

3.      Singing was the girl’s favorite hobby, so she soon became a prodigy.

4.      After drinking water, the marathon runner felt better.

5.      Crushing the deer caused a dent in her car.

Mark the following as gerund or participle.

1.      Cleaning a house from top to bottom is good job.

2.      Some tasks such as, putting away clutter, involve much walking from room to room.

3.      Using the recycling bin judiciously, you can make your way through the piles of paper that have been collecting for weeks.

4.      It’s easy to place the dishes into the patiently waiting dishwasher.

5.      Who wants to undertake the tedious task of ironing all clothes?

6.      Personally I have always found folding warm towels to be a soothing task.

7.      Working together, two people can quickly get the trash gathered and put out.

8.       Two people cleaning the bathroom, however, soon run out of the room.

9.      The police arrested him for speeding

10. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping.

11. We took a skiing vacation

12. We saw a skiing monkey.

13. Removing his coat, Jack rushed to the river.

14. The crying baby had a wet diaper.

15. I hope that you appreciate my offering you this opportunity.

16. Smiling, she hugged the panting dog.

17. You might get in trouble for faking an illness to avoid work.

18. Being the boss made Jeff feel uneasy.

19. The burning log fell off the fire.

20. Having been a gymnast, Lynn knew the importance of exercise.

5 ways to use the infinitives.

Infinitive = to + base verb (to run)

Infinitive often perform as a noun.

INFINITIVES can be …………..

1.      Subject : a)  To do the right  thing is not easy.

                b) To learn a new language is helpful.

2.      Object : a) I want to help you.

              b) They love to travel.

3.      Subject complements : Her job is to assist you.

                                          My dream is to open a shop.

4.      Adjective : I told you to wait.

                    He wants me to leave.

5.      Adverbs : We must study to learn.

                                  I want to learn to sing.